Pharmaceutical name:

英文藥名：

calculus bovis

Latin biological name:

拉丁學名：

Bos taurus domesticus Gmelin, also Bubalus bubalis L. (water buffalo)

Pron. in Japanese:

日語發音：

go o

Pron. in Korean:

韓語發音：

uhwang

Pron. in Cantonese:

粤語發音：

ngau4 wong4

Common Name:

英文名：

Cow bezoar, gallstone of cows

Distribution:

分佈：

all parts of China

全中國

Properties (characteristics):

性味：

bitter, sweet, cool

苦，甘，微寒。

Channels (meridians) entered:

歸經：

heart, liver

心，肝。

Actions & Indications:

主治：

Anti-inflammatory, anti-fever, anti-bacterial, opens the orifices, awakens the spirit, rid of phlegm,.

For high fever with delirium and convulsion due to hot diseases with hot phlegm, for chronic sore throat, for abscesses that have ripen and ruptured.

Clears the heart, liver, relieves toxicity, rid of wind and tremors. For convulsions with high fever due to liver heat.

抗炎，解热，抗菌，清心，開竅，醒腦，豁痰。涼肝，息風，解毒。

用於熱病，因高热而致神昏，中風痰迷，驚癇抽搐，癲癇發狂，咽喉腫痛，口舌生瘡。用於成熟已破裂的癰腫疔瘡。

Medical Function:

药理：

to be loaded

Chemical ingredients:

化學成份：

天然牛黃中的膽紅素分為游離膽紅素、結合膽紅素和共價膽紅素3種。其中結合膽紅素結合的主要是葡萄糖醛酸，共價膽紅素是指蛋白（主要是白蛋白）共價結合的膽紅素。

Dosage:

用量：

0.15 ～ 1 g

0.15 ～ 1 克

Samples of formulae:

處方舉例：

niu huang jie du pian  牛 黃解毒片

Cautions:

禁忌：

not to be used by pregnant women or those with pixu (spleen deficient) (spleen deficiency) and stomach deficient and cold.

Some classical texts mentioned it contradict long gu, sheng di huang, long dan cao,  chang shan and niu xi.

孕婦或脾虛胃寒胃虚者忌服。有說牛黄反龍骨，生地黃，龍膽草，常山，牛膝。

Allergic reaction:

敏感反應：

Some patients after using niu huang jie du pian developed skin and muccus reaction. Using anti-histamine will solve those allergic reactions.

有些病人用了牛黃解毒片後會發生皮膚與粘膜反應。用抗組織胺藥剤可解過敏反應。