Pharmaceutical name:

英文藥名﹕

Semen Persicae

Biological name:

Prunus Persica (L) Batsch

Amygdalus davidiana（Carr.）C. de Vos ex Henry

Pron. in Japanese:

tonin

Pron. in Korean:

toin

Pron. in Cantonese:

tou4 jan4

Common Name:

peach kernel, persica

Distribution:

throughout China

Properties (characteristics)

bitter, sweet, neutral, slightly toxic.

Channels (meridians) entered:

heart, large intestine, liver, lung

Actions & Indications:

1. breaks up blood stasis

2. for constipation due to dry intestines

3. for early stage of liver cirrhosis

4. inhibits Epstein-Barr virus [5]

5. anti tumor [5]

1. 消淤血。

2. 治腸乾燥之便秘。

3. 初期肝硬化.

4. 抑制 Epstein-Barr 病毒[5]

5. 抗癌[5]

Medical Function:

藥理﹕

anti coagulation, anti hypertensive, inhibits pain, anti inflammation, detoxification, anti-allergenics,  promotes bowel movements, help reverse mild liver early stage cirrhosis.

Chemical ingredients:

化學成份﹕

Chemical ingredients: mainly consists of fat, sterol, and flavonoid.

1. fat:  [triacyl glycerol], 88.6 ~ 92.1%; [1, 2-biacyl glycerol],   2.2 ~ 2.3%; [1, 3-biacyl  glycerol],  0.9 ~ 1.6%; [monoacyl glycerol], 0.3 ~ 1.1%; [sterol ester], 1.0 ~ 1.6% ^[1,2];  [phosphatidyl choline] 43.7 ~  44.7%; [phosphatidyl ethanolamine] 35.5 ~ 37.4%; [phosphatidyl serine] , 17.1 ~ 19.9%.

2.  Steroids and glucosides: [24-methylenecyloartanol], 0.001%; [citrostadienol], 0.002%; [7-dehydroavenasterol, delta⁷-avenasterol], 0.002%.

3.  animo acid and protein：aspartic acid, threonine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, lysine, histidine , arginine, valine, and other amino acids.

4.  Flavonoids and glucosides: (+)-catechin, prunin, hesperetin-5-O-glucoside^[4], naringenin, kaempferol, hydro-kaempferol, kaempferide glucoside, quercetin glucoside^[7].

5.  Other: glucose 0.31%, fructose 0.13%, sucrose, 3.0%, methyl α-D-fructofuranoside 0.005%; methyl-β-D-glucopyranoside 0.09%; prunasin, 0.38%; amygdalin 3.49 % [3]. 0.002%; dehydrogenation oats oats steroid sterol D 7 0.002%.[methyl alpha-D-fructofuranoside], 0.005%; [methyl beta-D-glucopyranoside], 0.09%; [prunasin], 0.38%; [amygdalin] 3.49%^[3].

1. 脂肪：三 酰基甘油，88.6〜92.1％，1，2-二脂酰基甘油醇，2.2〜2.3％，1，3-脂酰基甘油醇，0.9〜1.6％;單脂酰基甘油，0.3〜1.1％;甾醇酯，1.0〜1.6％1,2;磷脂 酰膽鹼43.7〜44.7％;磷脂酰乙醇胺35.5〜37.4％;磷脂酰絲氨酸，17.1〜19.9％。
2. 甾體與糖苷：24 亞甲基環水龍骨醇，0.001％;檸檬甾二烯醇，0.002％;b-谷甾醇與菜油甾醇25:1 的混合物 0.18%; 脫氫燕麥甾醇 D 7燕麥甾醇，0.002％。
3. 氨基酸和蛋白質：天門冬氨酸，蘇氨酸，谷氨酸，脯氨酸，甘氨酸，丙氨酸，蛋氨酸，異亮氨酸，亮氨酸，色氨酸，苯丙氨酸，賴氨酸，組氨酸，精氨酸，纈氨酸，等多種氨基酸。
4. 黃酮及糖苷：(+)-兒茶酚， 洋李苷，橙皮素-5-O-葡萄糖苷[4]，柚皮素，山柰酚，葡萄糖 苷，二氫山柰酚，山奈素葡萄糖苷，槲皮素葡萄糖 苷[7]。
5. 其他：葡萄糖0.31%，蔗糖3.0%果糖0.13%，甲基α-D-呋喃果糖苷，0.005％;甲基β-D-吡 喃葡糖苷，0.09％; 野黑櫻桃甙，0.38％;苦杏仁苷 3.49％[3]。0.002％; 脫氫燕麥甾醇 D 7燕麥甾，0.002％。
　

Dosage:

4.5 to 9  g. Should not be broken into small pieces until dispensed.

4.5 ~ 9  克。應用時才好將桃仁打碎。

Samples of formulae:

常用處方：

1. tao he chen qi tang,  

2. tao ren tang,

3. shu jing huo xue tang,

1. 桃核承氣湯

2. 桃仁湯

3. 舒經活血湯

Modern Research:

Cautions:

Not to use in case of anemia or during pregnancy. Raw tao ren is toxic.

血不足者忌用。孕婦忌服。生桃仁有毒。