Pharmaceutical name:

英文藥名﹕

Zoological  name:

拉丁動物學名﹕

Haliotis diversicolor Reeve (雜色鲍，俗稱九 孔螺或九孔鲍 )

Haliotis asinina  (耳鲍)

Haliotis discus hannai Ino （H. gigantea discus Reeve）(皺紋盤鮑)

Haliotis ovina Gmelin (圓鮑螺)

Pron. in Japanese:

日語發音﹕

Pron. in Korean:

韓語發音﹕

Pron. in Cantonese:

粵音﹕

Other Names:

別名 ﹕

Common Name:

英文名﹕

Distribution:

產地﹕

Properties

(characteristics)﹕

性味﹕

鹹，寒。

Channels (meridians) entered:

歸經﹕

肝，肺。

藥理﹕

Antibiotic effect: the extract possesses the strongest inhibiting effect on Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro. The water extract of the inner layer of the shell could protect the acute infected liver of the laboratory mice that had been poisoned by carbon tetrachloride. The study showed that the ALT obviously was obviously lower than the control group and the liver cells of the medicated group almost did not show any changes. The juice of meat possesses, in vitro, anti Staphyococcus aureus and influenza virus.

1.有清熱，鎮靜，降血壓，擬交感神經的作用。
2.抗感染作用：九孔鮑提取液的抗菌實驗（杯碟法）表明，對金黃葡萄球菌 Staphylococcus aureus，大腸桿菌 E. coli，綠 膿桿菌 Pseudomonas aeruginosa的抑菌效力最強。其貝殼內層水解液經小白鼠抗四氯化碳 carbon tetrachloride 急性中毒（肝炎模型）實驗表明，給藥組谷丙轉 氨酶 ALT 較對照組明顯下降。病理切片觀察對照組肝細胞有明顯壞死灶，而給藥組肝細胞幾無變性。羊鮑魚汁，於體外有抗有金黃色化膿葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus） ，抗流行性感冒病毒的作用。
3.其它作用：九孔鮑酸性提取液對家兔體外，體內凝血時間的影響實驗表明，均具有顯著的抗凝作用（P<0.001）。其貝殼提取液對小白鼠常壓下 缺氨實驗表明有明顯耐氧作用；還可使離體小鼠肺的灌流量增加，擴張氣管，支氣管的平滑肌（擴張率17%）。通過灌胃及腹腔兩種途徑，連續給小白鼠 九孔鮑水煎醇沉澱提取液一周後，測定脾臟特異玫瑰花結 E-rosette 數目表明，具 有免疫抑制作用（P<0.001）。

Actions & Indications:

主治﹕

高血壓所致的頭痛眩暈，白內障，夜盲，綠內障，肺結核 潮熱，淋疾。

Chemical ingredients:

化學成份﹕

1.The shells of  Haliotis ovina Gmelin contian more than 90%o f calcium carbonate, some amount of Mg, Na,  Si, Fe, Al, and trace amount of Ti, Mn, Ba, Cu, Cr, P, V, Zn, etc. After hydrolizing 17 kinds of amino acid were obtained, among them:aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, etc. Also contain conchiolin.

2.The shells of Haliotis diversicolor Reeve mainly contain calcium carbonate and some also conhiolin, and inorganic elements of Na, Ca, trace amount of Ti, Mn, Fe, P, Cr, Mg, Zn, Cu etc. The interior of the shells contain the shiny substance like pearl is conchiolin, which after hydrolisis with hydrochloric acid, produces 16 amino acid: glycine, aspartic acid, alanine, serine, glutamic acid etc. The insoluble ashes is about  0.46%。

3. The shell of Haliotis discus hannai Ino （H. gigantea discus Reeve）contain more than 90% calcium carbonate and organic substance of about 3.67%. The inorganic elements are: Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Fe, P, Ti, Mn, Cu, Ni, Sr, Zn, Cl, S, I and among them the ions of phosphates, silcates, sulfates exit. It also contain choline and conchiolin.

4. The shells of Haliotis asinina  calcium carbonate, conchiolin and choline, and other trace minerals.

1.圓鮑 Haliotis ovina Gmelin貝殼含碳酸鈣 90%以上，含少量的鎂，鈉 ，鍶，鐵，硅 (矽)， 鋁，微量的鈦，錳 ，鋇，銅，鉻，磷，釩，鋅等18種元素。水解液含17種氨基酸，有天冬氨酸（aspartic acid），蘇氨酸（threonine） ，絲氨酸（serine），谷氨酸（glutamic acid）等。另含殼角質（conchiolin）。
 

2.雜色鮑Haliotis diversicolor Reeve貝殼主含碳酸鈣，並含殼角質及無機元素鈉，鈣 ，鈦，錳，鐵，磷，鉻，鎂，鋅，銅等。貝殼的內層具珍珠樣光 澤的殼角質，經鹽酸水解得16種氨基酸，有甘氨酸（glycine） ，天冬氨酸（aspartic acid），丙氨酸（alanine），絲 氨酸 （serine），谷氨酸 （glutamic acid）等。不溶性灰分為 0.46%。

3.皺紋盤鮑 Haliotis discus hannai Ino （H. gigantea discus Reeve）貝殼含碳酸鈣90%以上，有機質 約3.67%。無機元素有鈉，鎂 ，鋁，硅 (矽) ，鉀，鐵，磷，鈦，錳，銅，鎳 ，鍶 ，鋅，氯，硫和碘，其中有磷酸根，硅酸根，硫酸根離子存在。並含膽素，殼角質（conchiolin）。

4.耳鮑 Haliotis asinina  貝殼含碳酸鈣，殼角質（conchiolin）及膽素（ choline)

Dosage:

用量﹕

15~30 克。

Samples of formulae:

處方舉例﹕

Modern Research:

現代研究﹕

Toxicity & Cautions:

毒素與禁忌﹕

 脾 虛慎服；尤其是消化不良，胃酸缺乏者禁服。