Present Day Applications：

現代應用:

For treating:

1. bleeding disorder (流血）

2. retinal arterial/vein thrombosis  (視網膜動/靜脈閉塞)

3. head injuries （頭部受傷）

4. brain hemorrhage （腦出血）

5. disease of the blood vessels of the brain （腦血管病變）

6. lacunar infarction (腔隙性腦梗塞)

7    (More to be upload)　

Pharmaceutical name：

英文藥名:

Radix Notoginseng

Latin botanical name：

拉丁名:

Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen

Pron. in Japanese：日語發音:

sanshichi

Pron. in Korean：

韓語發音:

samch'il

Pron. in Cantonese:

粵語發音:

saam1 cat1, tin4 cat1

Other Names：

別名:

tian san qi, jin bu huan, han san qi, tian qi, shen san qi .

田三七,金不換,旱三七,滇七,參三七,

Common Name：

英文名:

notoginseng root or pseudoginseng root

Distribution:

分布:

Yunnan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Jiangxi, Guangdong

云南，廣西，四川，貴州，江西，廣東。

Properties (characteristics)：

性味：

sweet, slightly bitter, warm

甘，微苦，溫。

Channels (meridians) entered：

歸經:

liver, stomach, large intestine

肝，胃，大腸。

Actions & Indications：

主治:

Raw san qi can stop bleeding and can transform blood stasis. It can stop bleeding without causing blood clots. It is widely used in injury medicine as in broken bones, swelling, impact injuries. Cooked san qi can be used as tonic.

生田七可止血亦可化瘀。能止血而不致血凝。常用于傷科如骨折斷，發腫，打傷等。熟田七常用作補藥。

Medical Function:

藥理:

Medical Function:

1. Stop bleeding and anticoagulation: anticoagulation of platelets, promotes dissolving of fibrinogens, 

2. Anti-inflammation

3. Relieving pain

4. Calming 

5. Enhances the effects of adrenocortical hormone: regulate the metabolism of sugar.

6. Protects liver

7 Anti cancer

8. Improve capillary circulation: anti fatigue

9. Anti aging

10. Arrest bleeding (active chemical:dencichine, there is more of that in raw tian qi )

11. lowers serum lipids and cholesterol.

12. Anti-biotic effect: it showed to have in vitro inhibitory effect on Norwalk virus and some dermtomycoses.

藥理:

1.  田七有止血及抗凝作用:能抑制血小板凝集，促進纖溶，並使全血粘度下降

2. 抗炎

3.  鎮痛

4.  鎮靜

5. 增強腎上腺皮質功能: 調節糖代謝﹐

6. 抗腫瘤

7. 保肝

8.  改善心血管系統功能: 增進微循環﹐消除疲勞。

9. 抗老化

10.  止血：其止血活性成份為三七氨酸 (生田七含量較多）

11. 降低血清中脂肪與膽固醇。

12. 體外試驗，田七制剤能抑制諾瓦克病毒和有些皮膚黴菌病症

菊科的田七草的根，名菊葉田七；景天科景天田七的根或全草，名景天田七，兩者有類似田七的功效而力弱，兼有解毒消炎之功。

Chemical Ingredients:

化學成份: 

Chemical Ingredients:

1. essential oil: (gamma-muurolene, (cyperene),  (alpha-elemene); (gammma-cadinene), (delta-cadinene), (alpha-gurjunene), (alpha-guaiene), (alpha-copaene), beta-cuabebene), (caryophyllene), (delta-guaiene), (alpha-cedrene), (1, 9, 9-trimethyl-4, 7-dimethano-2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8-hexahydroazulene), (1, 1, 5, 5-tetramethyl-4-methano-2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 10-hexahydronaphthalene)(, (cuparene), (beta-elemene), (gamma-elemene), (alpha-muurolene), (beta-guaiene), (2, 6-ditert-butyl-4-methyl phenol), (2, 8-dimethyl-5-acetyl-bicylo[5, 3, 0] decadiene-1,8), (methyl palmitate), (ethyl palmitate), (methyl heptadecadienoate), (methyl octgadecadienoate), (ethyl octadecadienoate), a(ditertbutyl phthalate), (dicapryl phthalate), (diisocapryl phthalate), (acetic acid), (heptanoic acid), (octanoic acid), (nonanoic acid), (palmitic acid), (isoallyl-benzene), (phenylethanone), (octadecadienoic acid), (3-ene-nonanone-2), (cyclododecanone), (trans-nonenal-2), (tridecene), ((1-methyl-4-dioximethylthino-bicycle[2, 2, 2]octane), (tetradecane), (pentadecane), (hexadecane), (heptadecane), (octadecane), (nonadecane), (eicosane), (heneicosane), (docosane), (alpha, alpha-dimethyl-benzenemethanol), (1-methoxthyl-benzene), (2, 2, 2-tri-ethoxyl-ethanol), (1-methyl-4-isoallyl-cyclohexane)^{[1, 2]}.

2. (ginsenoside) Rb₁, Rd, Re, Rg, Rg₂, Rh₁^[4-10], (gypenoside XV II)^[11], (notoginsenoside) R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄, R₆^{[11, 12]}.  4.42%^[3,13].

3. 三七氨酸(dencichine), (beta-N-oxalo-L-alpha, beta-diaminopropionic acid), 0.9%^[14-16].

4. (quercetin), (beta-sitosterol), (stigmasterol), (daucostgerol) ^{[10, 17]}, (sanchinan A)^[18]. Ca, Fe, Cu, Co, Cr, Mo, Mn, Mg, Ni, Zn^[17].

Dosage:

用量:

Take as powder form: 1 to 1.5 g.

Use in decoction: 3 to 9 g.

用于粉劑：1～1.5 克。

煎湯：3 ～ 9 克。

Sample of formulae:

配方舉例:

TMJ syndrome: apply san qi tincture on the most painful part of jaw. Once a day. 5 to 7 days is one therapy period. Result:32 cases all show improvement in jaw movements.

顳頷關節下颔功能紊亂：三七粉末做成酊剤，貼於顳頷關節最痛部位。每天一次。5～7次為一療程。结果：治療32例，使頷關節運動明顯改善。【18】

Cautions:

注意：

Allergic reaction: face and eyes becomes red and swollen. Numbness in the limbs, dizziness, heaviness in the chest, palpitation, sweating, nausea, arrhythmia.

Do not use during menses or during pregnancy.
不良反應：臉與眼發紅腫脹，心陣跳，發汗，作嘔，心律不整。

月經期間，或懷孕期間忌用。