Pharmaceutical name:

英文藥名﹕

Latin name:

學名﹕

Ulmus rubra Muhl.

Pron. in Japanese:

日語發音﹕

Pron. in Korean:

韓語發音﹕

Pron. in Cantonese:

粵音﹕

Other Names:

別名﹕

Common Name:

普通外文名﹕

Turkist:  Amerikan karaagaci

Distribution:

產地﹕

原產於北美洲 的中部 與南部。

Properties

 characteristics)﹕

性味﹕

溫﹐ 微苦。

Channels  meridians) entered:

歸經﹕

肺﹐ 大腸

藥理﹕

Actions & Indications:

主治﹕

1. For sore throats, indigestion, stomach ulcers, dysentery, diarrhea, diseases of urinary passages, bronchitis. .
2. External use:  powdered bark mixed with hot water into pasty mass, or mixed with oil base ointment and being used as a poultice for fresh wounds, boils, burns and scalds.
3. As tonic food supplement
4. Folk remedy for cancer therapy

主治﹕

1. 喉嚨痛﹐消化不良﹐十二指腸或胃潰瘍﹐便秘﹐腹瀉﹐尿道炎﹐支氣管炎。
2. 外用研細末﹐熱水調敷於創傷﹐膿瘡﹐燙傷﹐燒傷。
3. 作補劑﹐添加於食物用。也可加入油膏內作外用。
4. 民間作治療腫癌用。

Chemical ingredients:

化學成份﹕

鞣酸﹐黏漿劑, 鈣, 鎂, 維 生素A , B, C, 和 K 

Dosage:

用量﹕

一般用3克，入煎剤。

Samples of formulae

:處方舉例﹕

ESSIAC FORMULA (a folk formula for cancer therapy):

• burdock root (niu bang zi) (Arctium lappa, L),  67.7%

• sheep Sorrel herb  (Rumex acetosella, L),21.6%

• Turkish rhubarb root (da huang) (Rheum palmatum), 5.0%

• slippery elm inner bark (Ulmus fulva Michaux (N.O. Urticaceae), Ulmus rubra Muhl.) 5.0%

Later, this formula was developed into an eight ingredient formula. For example: thistle, burdock root (niu bang zi) , kelp (kun bu), red clover, sheep sorrel, slippery elm bark, turkish rhubarb root, and watercress.

北美民間ESSIAC 治癌處方﹕

• 牛蒡子 67.7%

• 小酸模 21.6%

• 大黃 5.0%

•  赤榆 5.0%

原方有四味藥。後來發展成為八味； 即原方加上洋飛廉（聖薊）昆布，三葉草(red clover)， 西洋菜。

Modern Research:

現代研究﹕

Toxicity & Cautions:

毒素與禁忌﹕

孕婦忌用。