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Pharmaceutical name:

英文藥名：

Rhizoma Smilacis glabrae

Biological name:

拉丁學名：

Smilax glabra Roxb. also see Smilax china. L (ba qi 菝葜 )

Pron. in Japanese:

日語發音：

do bukuryo

Pron. in Korean:

韓語發音：

t'obongnyong

Other Names:

別名：

1. shan gui lai 山歸來,

2. tu fu 土茯,

3. di fu ling 地茯苓,

4. shan yu liang  山餘糧,

5. ling fan tuan  苓飯團,

6. shan di shu 山地薯 ,

7. cai yu yu liang 草禹餘糧,

8. ci zhu ling 刺豬苓,

9. xian yi gen 仙 遺根,

10. guo gang long 過崗龍,

11. hong tu ling 紅土苓

12. qi liang 奇良

Pron. in Cantonese:

粤語發音：

tou2 fuk6  fook ling4

Common Name:

英文名：

glabrous greebrier rhizome, smilax

Distribution:

分佈﹕

Yangtse River valley and all of the southern provinces of China.

長江流域南部各省皆有 有分佈。

Properties (characteristics)﹕ 性味﹕

sweet, bland, cool and non-toxic.

味甘﹐淡，性涼無毒。

Channels (meridians) entered:

歸經﹕

stomach and kidney channels.

入肝與胃經。

Actions & Indications:

主治：

　For clearing heat, eliminates dampness, rid of toxin. Used in skin ulcer, joint pain due to dampness and heat, secondary problems in syphilis, rashes, turbid urine due to damp heat toxin, leptospirosis, acute dysentery, acute or chronic inflammation of kidneys, mercury toxin, psoriasis, and fungal infection.

有清熱解毒﹐利 濕止 癢﹐ 通絡的功能。用於濕熱瘡毒﹐濕疹﹐惡瘡潰瀾腫毒﹐ 梅毒﹐筋骨拘攣疼痛﹐屈伸不利﹐熱淋尿赤澀痛等。可用於鉤 端螺旋體病﹐ 急性下痢﹐急慢性腎炎﹐汞中毒﹐銀 屑病, 黴菌感染。

Medical Function:[2]

药理：[2]

1. anti-tumor effect:

Anti-tumor effect

1.1 impact of chemical carcinogenesis in the rat bladder.
Experiment animals： female Wistar rats, with 70-110g body weight.
Carcinogenic agents： NJ group an N-(4 - hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN), Experiment：

 20% ethanol BBN dope formulated as a 36% solution.
Normal control group: In the ether under light anesthesia, purely using solvent (20% ethanol) 0.25 ml catheter ig, twice a week for a total of 12 wk.
Pathological group: 36% BBN solution 0.25ml (90 mg) ig, twice a week, a total of 12 wk, each rat the BBN total dose 2.16g. Tu fu ling: BBN treatment with pathological control group, diet for 1 kg 120g  tu fu ling dry powder. To wk 30 end of the experiment, the animals were sacrificed, bladder, ureter, renal pelvis, kidney, liver, and spleen for histological examination.

The results: showed that the the  of tu fu ling group of BBN bladder tumors showed no significant inhibition, instead it occurred more squamous cell tumors. Conclusion:  be cautious in using tu fu ling in prevention and treatment of bladder tumor.
 

2. inhibit aflatoxin effect: preventing liver cancer

1.2 effect of aflatoxin B1, on rat hepatoma
Test animals: female Wistar rats, 8 week old
Test:
From 10 days before the AFB1injection to 3 days after ending the AFB1 injection, the rats were eating feed that contained the test animal feed.
The hepatoma promoting dose: (ip) AFB1 (the 280 ug/kg, 6 / wkx2) for 2 weeks,
Tumor promotion program: feeding for 2 weeks with 0.015% 2 - acetyl aminofluorene (2AAF)
Then the liver lobes and left lateral lobes were removed at the end of one week.
After 10 days, the rats were sacrificed by neck breaking method. The liver were taken for r-glutamyl GGT (r-GT) staining.
Results: rat hepatic precancerous lesions with r-GT staining showed positive liver cell foci and slightly less in tu fu ling group (feed containing 377.7g/kg) lesions, and significantly less than the control group.

Conclusion: tu fu ling showed some practical value to prevent liver cancer.

3. detoxification of gossypol

1.抗腫瘤作用:

1.1對大鼠膀胱化學致癌的影響:
實驗動物：雌 Wistar 大鼠，體重70-110g。
致癌劑：N-J基一N（4-羥丁基）亞硝胺（BBN）。
實驗：

以20%乙醇將 BBN 原液配成36%的溶液。正常對照組：在乙醚淺麻醉下，單純以溶劑（20%乙醇）0.25ml經導管ig，每周2次，共12wk。
病理對照組：36%BBN溶液0.25ml（90mg）ig，每周2次，共12wk、
每隻鼠BBN總劑量2.16g。

土茯苓組：BBN處理同病理對照組，以每1 kg含120g土茯苓乾粉的飲食飼養。
至wk30實驗結束，處死動物，取膀胱、輸尿管、腎盂，腎、肝和脾作組織學檢查。

結果：土茯苓組對BBN膀胱腫瘤的發生無明顯抑制作用，而且發生了較多的鱗狀細胞型腫瘤。
結論：因此在使用本品防治膀胱腫瘤時，應持慎重態度。
 

1.2對黃曲霉毒素B1致大鼠肝癌作用的影響
試驗動物：雌性 Wistar 大鼠，8wk齡，
試驗：
大鼠從注射AFB1前10d起，至停注AFB1後3d止，進食含受試物飼料。
肝癌啟動剤：(ip)AFB1（280ug/kg，6次/wkx2）。2 wk 後，
施以促癌程序：給含0.015% 2-乙酰氨基芴（2AAF）飼料2wk，
在 一周後，切除大鼠肝中葉和左外側葉。
10 d 後，斷頸處死大鼠，肝臟取材作 r-谷氨酰轉肽酶（r-GT）染色。
結果：大鼠肝癌前病變 r-GT染色陽性肝細胞灶。土茯苓組（飼料中含377.7g/kg）的病灶也稍少，且顯著小於對照組。

結論：提示土茯苓對預防肝癌有一定的實用價值。

2.對棉酚的解毒作用

試驗動物：雄性大鼠

採用土茯苓水煎劑（劑量：每鼠每日相當生藥1g和0.5g兩種），土茯苓稀醇制劑（劑量：相當生藥1g和2g），土茯苓粗黃酮（劑量：50mg和100mg），土茯苓多糖（劑量：0.5ml和1.0ml），硫酸亞鐵（劑量8mg），每組用藥3d後分別 igl 次純棉酚650mg/kg、850mg/kg和100mg/kg，觀察解毒作用。

結果：土茯苓水煎劑、稀醇制劑和粗黃酮均具有拮抗急性和亞急性棉酚中毒（P＜0.05，P＜0.001和P＜0.001）。一般棉酚中毒時可用硫酸亞鐵拮抗，但能影響抑精作用。土茯苓稀醇提取物在拮抗棉酚毒性的同時不影響棉酚對雄性大鼠的抑精作用。

編者按：

ip 是 intraperitoneal 的縮寫。是指”腹腔內“（給藥）。

AFB1 是Aflatoxin B1 的縮寫。中文是黃黴素B1。黃黴素是黃黴的毒素，是致肝癌的毒素。

Wk 是 week (週) 的縮寫。d 是 day (天)的縮寫。

Chemical ingredients:

化學成份：

[1]

Dosage:

用量：

for concoction: 15g to 30 g per day.

for external use: make into powder.

內服入煎劑15～30克 。外用：研末調敷。

Samples of formulae:

處方舉例：

Interstitial cystitis 間質性膀胱炎 ﹐

psoriasis 銀痟病

Present applications:

现代應用：

chronic atrophic gastritis, thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), phlebitis, gonnorhea, urinary tract infections, non-infection type of urinary tract syndrome, painful menses, fibroids in the ovaries, skin disease of babies.

慢性萎縮性胃炎 ﹐血小板 减少性紫瘢﹐ 血栓性靜脈炎﹐ 淋病﹐泌尿系統感染﹐非感染性尿道綜合症﹐經痛﹐卵巢囊腫﹐小兒皮膚病。

Cautions:

禁忌：

Use caution  in cases of gan shen yin xu (liver-kidney yin deficient)  Do not take with tea.　肝腎陰虚.者慎服。服藥期間避免喝茶。