Pharmaceutical name:

英文 藥名﹕

Radix Paeoniae Lactiflorae

Biological name:

拉丁 名﹕

Paeonia lactiflora Pall.

Pron. in Japanese:

日語 發音﹕

byakushaku (白芍)

Pron. in Korean:

韓語 發音﹕

paekchak (白 芍)

Pron. in Cantonese:

粤語發音：

baak6  zeok3  (白芍) ,  cik3 zeok3  (赤芍)

Other Names:

別名 ﹕

hang bai shao 杭白芍，hang shao 杭芍，hang shao yao 杭芍藥，bai shao yao 白芍藥，shao yao 芍藥，jin shao yao 金芍藥，li cao gen 離草根，ke li gen 可離根，jiang li gen 將離根，yu rong gen 余容根，qi ji gen 其積根，jie cang gen 解倉根，li shi gen 犁食根，yan gen 蜒根，mei gen hua gen 沒骨花根，lan wei chun gen 婪尾春根，tian dou 天斗，yu dou 玉斗，tian kui 天魁，yu kui 玉魁，fu ding 伏丁，gu gong 伏貢，fu wang 伏王，yan you 艷友，guan fang 冠芳，dian chun ke 殿春客。

Common Name:

英文 名﹕

white dahlia root, Chi shao yao means red dahlia

Distribution:

Provinces of Zhejiang, Anhui, Sichuan, Guizhou, Shandong of China

中國的浙江,安徽,四川,貴州,山東等省

Properties (characteristics)

性味 ﹔

bitter, sour, cool

苦﹐酸﹐涼。

Channels (meridians) entered:

歸經 ﹕

liver, spleen

肝﹐脾。

Medical Function:

藥理 ﹕

1. anti-spastic

2. lowers blood pressure, dilates peripheral blood vessels, lower resistant

3. dilates coronary arteries

4. anticonvulsant, analgesic, sedative effect

5. antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic

6. neutralizes the carcinogenic effect of aflatoxins

7. protective effect of extract from bai shao and huang qi  against liver injury induced by bacillus Calmette-Guérin and lipopolysaccharide in mice.

8. inhibit hepatitis B virus in vitro studies [3]

9. One of the active components, paeoniflorin, has also been reported to be able to reverse or alleviate behavioral and cognitive impairments[4]

10. antidepressant effect of animal models of depression. The action of Paeonia lactiflora may be mediated via the central monoaminergic neurotransmitter system. [5]

1. 解痙

2. 降血壓，能擴張外周血管 ，降低外周阻力

3. 擴張冠狀動脈

4. 鎮靜、鎮痛及抗驚厥

5. 解熱、抗炎及抗菌

6. 對致癌物質黃霉素有解毒 作用

7. 芍藥與黃芪提取物，抗卡介苗和脂多醣引起的小鼠肝損傷有保護作。

8. 在體外實驗，發現有抑制乙型肝炎病毒作用[3]

9. 有報導說其中的活性成份，芍藥苷， 能夠逆轉或減輕損傷和認知損傷[4]

10. 在動物試驗中, 本品顯示有抗抑鬱作用。芍藥的作用可能通過中樞的單胺神經遞質系統介導的。 [5]

Actions & Indications:

主治 ﹕

Bai shao is being used for removing blood stasis and as a mild analgesic by addressing blood stasis . For menstrual dysfunction, vagina yeast infection, uterine bleeding. Lessens liver yang ascending , alleviates abdominal pain. For headache and dizziness due to  liver yang ascending. For spermatorrhea. For pain in abdomen and diarrhea. For common cold and flu. (as in gui zhi tang, ma huang tang)

Chi shao yao has a much stronger effect in removing blood stasis . It is being used more often than bai shao in injuries like broken bones, dislocated joints, sprains and injuries from impacts also in blood clots. It is use as a tonic, pain killer, diuretic and for ridding of gas from stomach and intestine and for child birth difficulty.

 Do not use chi shao after giving birth.

白芍常用于驅淤血并略 有止痛作用。用于月经不調，带下，子宫出血，遗精，肝 陽上亢所致的頭痛，晕眩。。 改善肝 陽上亢症狀，减輕腹痛.。用于傷 風感冒 如 桂枝湯，, 麻黄湯。

赤芍對驅 淤血功效較白芍强。常用於跌打損傷， 折骨，脱胶，扭傷。可作補藥，止痛 (因驅 淤血作用)，利尿，驅腸胃氣，難産。

産後忌用赤芍。

Dosage:

用量 ﹕

6 ~ 15 grams

6~15 克。

Chemical ingredients:

 paeonol, paeonin,  triterpenoids, sistosterol,  , benzoic acid, β sitosterol, gallotannin, pedunculagin, 1-O-Galloylpedunculagin , eugeniin,  tannin acid, fat, essential oil, resin, sugar, starch, and protein.

Modern use:

現代 應 用﹕

Being used in:

1. muscle spasm of limbs, back and neck, face. Jerky legs.

2. relieving pain,

3. bone spurs of the heels,

4. viral hepatitis,

5. chronic constipation,

6. asthma,

7. whooping coughs,

8. diabetes,

9. ulcer of duodenum and stomach.

用於﹕

1. 肌肉痙 攣﹕四肢﹐頸部﹐背部﹐臉﹐腿不 安。

2. 止痛。

3. 腳跟骨刺。

4. 病毒性肝炎。

5. 慢性便秘。

6. 哮喘。

7. 百日咳。

8. 糖尿病。

9. 十二指腸與胃之潰瘍。

Samples of Formulae:

處方舉例﹕

bai zhu shao yao san 白朮芍藥散

dang gui jian zhong tang 當歸键中湯

dang gui shao yao san 當歸芍藥散

Modern Study:

現代研究﹕

The acute oral toxicity of aconitine in rats was significantly reduced by paeoniflorin[1].

在大鼠口服烏頭鹼的激烈毒性反應被芍藥甙顯著地減低.[1]

Cautions:

禁忌

do not use raw bai shao in case of pain in abdomen or/with diarrhea due to pixu (spleen deficient) . Use chao bai shao (stir fried bai shao) instead.

 脾 虛腹痛泄瀉者忌用生白芍。應用炒白芍。産後忌用赤芍。