Herbs That Can be Toxic to the Kidneys (in English and Chinese)

Historical reference: this redesign preserved the original information and did not clinically review it.

可導致腎臟損害的中藥

Some Herbs of Plant Origin that Can be Toxic to the Kidneys:

可能對腎臟有毒的植物類中藥:

PINYIN	CHINESE NAMES	BOTANICAL NAMES	Note:
ai di cha	矮地茶﹐紫金牛	Ardisia japonica (Thb.) Bl; Ardisia Japonica , Hornst
ba dou	巴豆	Croton tiglium L.
ba jiao feng	八角楓, 別名: 華木瓜﹐木八角﹐包子樹.	Alangium chinense (Lour.) Rehder.
bai hua dan	白花丹	Plumbago zeylanica L.
bai tou weng	白頭翁	Pulsatila nuttalliana, Spreng. Pulsatila daurica, Spreng.
ban lan gen	板藍根	Isatis tinctoria L., or Isatis indigotica
bei dou gen	北豆根	Menispermum dauricum L.
bi cheng qie	蓽橙茄	Litsea cubeba Pers.
bu gu zhi	補骨脂	Psorales corylifolia, L.
cang er zi	蒼耳子	Xanthium strumarium L
chai hu	柴胡	Bupleurum chinense DC. or Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Wild.
cao wu (very toxic)	草烏	Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb.
ce bai ye	側柏葉	Biota orientalis; Cacumen platycladi;
chou wu tong,	臭梧桐﹐(海州常山)	Clerodendrum trichotomum Thunb.
da feng zi	大楓子	Hydnocarpus alpina, Wright. Hydnocarpus anthelmintica.
da qing ye	大青葉	Isatis tinctoria L., I. indigota Fort., Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek., Polygonum tinctorium Ait. or Clerodendron cyrtophyllum Turcz
da suan (garlic)	大蒜	Allium officinarum Hance.
ding xiang (cloves)	丁香	Eugenia aromatica Baillon; Caryophyllus aromatica L.; Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb.
diu liao bang	丢了棒, 五味藤	Claoxylon indicum (Reinw.ex Bl.) Hassk
dong chong xia cao	冬蟲夏草	Cordyceps sinensia, Sacc.
du huo	獨活	Angelica grosserrata, Max	hemolytic
fan xie ye	番瀉葉	Cassia angustifolia Vahl.; Cassia acutifolia Delile
fang ji (guang fang ji) (very toxic)	廣防已	Aristolochia fangchi, Wu
gan sui	甘遂	Euphorbia sieboldiana, M. et. D.
gou wen, da cha ye	鉤吻，大茶葉	Gelsemium elegans Benth.
guan mu tong (very toxic)	關木通	Aristolochia debilis S. et Z.
gui jiu (very toxic)	鬼臼﹐桃兒七	Podophyllum emodi Wall, var. chinensis Sprague
han xiu cao	含羞草	Mimosa pudica L.
hou pu	厚樸	Magnolia officinalis, Rehd. et Wils.
hu zhang	虎杖	Polygonum reynoutria, Makino. Polygonum cuspidatum, S. et. Z.
huang du	黃獨	Dioscorea bulbifera L.
huang yao zi	黃藥子	Dioscorea bulbifera L.
jia zhu tao (very toxic)	夾竹桃	Nerium odorum, Solaud. Nerium incidum, Mill.
jin yin gen	金櫻根	Rhus laevigata, Michx.
ku lian pi	苦楝皮	Melia azedarach, L . sub. var. Toosendan, Maki
ku shen	苦参	Sophora flavescens. Ait.
kun ming shan hai tang ，721）(extremely toxic)	昆明山海棠，六方藤，紫金藤，紫金皮，火把花	Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.) Hutchins.
la mei gen	臘梅根	Meratia praecox Rehd. et Wils
lei gong teng (extremely toxic)	雷公藤	Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f.
liu zhou zi	六軸子﹐鬧羊花﹐羊躑躅﹐ 黃花杜鵑	Rhododendri Mollis
lu hui (Aloe vera)	蘆薈	Aloe vera L.
luo bu ma	羅布麻	Apocynum venetum L.
ma dou ling (very toxic)	馬兜玲	Aristolochia debili, Sieb. et Zuce; Aristolochia contorta, Bunge ; Aristolochia kaempferi, Willd.
man tuo luo (very toxic)	蔓陀羅	Datura stramonium, L
mian fen gossypol (from cotton seeds)	棉酚	Gossypium herbaceum L.
mian hua zi (cotton seeds)	棉花子	Gossypium herbaceum L.
pang da hai	胖大海	Sterculia scaphigera, Wall.
bin lang	檳榔	Areca caechu, L.
qian jin ba, (tu huang qi, lao shu wei, zhan di feng)	千斤拔，（土黄芪，老鼠尾，鉆地風，鑽地風）	Flemingia philippinensis Merr. et Rolfe; Moghania philippinensis (Merr. et Rolfe) Li
qian li guang	千里光﹐( 烏蠅翼﹐ 蝴蠅翼﹐半天雷﹐鐵掃帚)	Senecio scandens Buch-Ham
qian nian jian nian jian	千年健	Homalomena occulta (Lour.) Schott
qian niu zi	牽牛子	Pharbitis nil , Choisy.
rou gui	肉桂	Cinnamoum loureirii, Nees.
shan ci gu (very toxic)	山慈菇	Cremastra variabilis (Bl.) Nakai
Santoninum (a chemical)	山道年	C₁₅H₁₈O₃
shi jun zi	使君子	Quisqualis indica , L.
song jie	松節	Pinus tabulaeformis Cart; Pinus massoniana Lamb．
tian hua fen	天花粉	Trichosanthes kirilowii, Maxim
tong cheng hu	通城虎	Aristolochia fordiana
tu bei mu	土貝母	Bolbostemma paniculatum (Maxim)Franq. Actinostemmapaniculatum Maxim.
tu jin jie	土荆芥	Chenopodinm albnm L. Chenopodinm ambrosioides L.
tu niu xi	土牛膝	Achyranthes obturifolia; Achyranthes aspera L. var. india L.
wang jiang nan zi (Coffee Senna Seed)	望江南子﹐( 羊角豆 ﹐野扁豆)。	Cassia Occidentalis
wei ling xian	鐵腳威靈仙	Clematis japonica Houtt. var. simsii, Makino.
wu jiu	烏桕	Sapium sebiferum (L.) Roxb.
xiang si zi	相思子	Abrus precatorius, L.
xuan cao gen	萱草根	Hemerocallis fulva L.
ya dan zi	鴉膽子	Brucea javanica (L.) Merri.
yan hu suo	延胡索	Corydalis ternata, Makino Corydalis bulbosa D.C. var. typica,
yang jin hua (upright datura flower)	洋金花﹐(南洋金花﹐風茄花﹐醉仙桃花﹐白曼陀羅花)。	Datura metel L.
yi mu cao	益母草	Leonurus sibiricus, L.
you tong zi	油桐子	Aleurites Fordii Hemsl.
yuan hua	芫花	Daphne genkwa, Sieb. et. Zucc.
zao jia	皂夾	Gleditschia horrida, Makio.	hemolytic
ze xie	澤瀉	Alisma orientale (Sam.)Juzep. Alisma plantago L. var. viglomum, Torr
zhan di feng	鉆地風﹐鑽地風﹐千斤拔 ﹐老鼠尾﹐一條根。	Flemingia philippinensis Merr.et Rolfe Moghania philippinensis (Merr.et Rolfe) Li

Some Herbs of Animal Origin that Can be Toxic to the Kidneys:

可能對腎臟有毒動物類中藥:

PINYIN	CHINESE NAMES	ZOOLOGICAL NAMES	Notes
ban mao	斑蝥	Mylabirs cichoii L.
dong chong xia cao	冬蟲夏草	Cordyceps sinensia, Sacc.
hai ma (sea horses)	海馬	Hippocampus kelloggi Jordanet Snvder (克氏海馬} Hippocampus histrix Kaup (刺海馬} Hippocampus kuda Bleeker (大海馬} Hippocampus trimaculatus Leach (三班海馬} Hippocampus japonicus Kaup (日本海馬}	hemolytic
hong niang zi	紅娘子	Huechys sanguinea ﹐ or H. philaemata
she du (snake venom)	蛇毒
sheng feng mi (raw honey)	生蜂蜜
shui zhi	水蛭	Hirudo niponia Whitman, Whitmania pigra (Whitman), W. acranulata (Whiteman), Hirudo medicinalis	hemolytic
wu gong (centipedes )	蜈蚣	Scolopendra subspinipes Leach	hemolytic
yu dan (fish gall bladders)	魚膽
zhu dan (pig gall bladders)	猪膽

Some Herbs of Mineral Origin that Can be Toxic to the Kidneys:

可能對腎臟有毒礦物類中藥:

alum	明礬
arsenic type (arsenic trioxide, realgar)	含砷類（砒石﹐砒霜﹐雄黄﹐紅礬）
lead type: PbO (mi tuo seng, qian huang), Pb₃0₄ (qian dan).	含鉛類﹕ 一氧化鉛 (密陀僧，鉛黃)﹐ 四氧化三鉛 (鉛丹）.
lu fan (zao fan) (Ferrous Sulfate) ﹕FeSO₄·7H₂O	綠礬, (皂礬）硫酸亞鐵 FeSO₄·7H₂O
mercury type: Zhusha, Cinnabaria (mercury sulfide -- HgS) Hydrargyri oxydum rubrum.	含汞類﹕朱砂﹐升汞﹐輕粉 ﹐丹砂, 辰砂 ﹐ ( 硫化汞- HgS ) 。含汞類﹕朱砂﹐升汞﹐輕粉 ﹐丹砂, 辰砂 ﹐ ( 硫化汞 - HgS ) 。氧化汞 HgO

The following to be translated:

其他﹕黑豆。其中近半数的藥物是被《中國藥典》定為無毒的，臨床醫生須提高警惕。腎毒性中草藥以辛味﹐苦味藥為主。現已公布的具有腎毒性的中藥已達68種，包括植物類﹐動物類和礦物類藥物。

References:

Whole Nation Chinese Herb Edition《全國中草藥彙編》
Chinese Medicine Grand Dictionary《中藥大辭典》
Chinese Dictionary《中國藥典》
Prof. Liu Yun-Hai, Vice Chairman of Renal Disease Committee, Academy of Chinese and Western Medicine, Air Force Main Hospital, China.

參考﹕

《全國中草藥彙編》
《中藥大辭典》
《中國藥典》
中國中西醫結合學會腎病病專業委員會副主任委員﹐空軍總醫院院原腎内科主任劉雲海教授。