| Latin | Pinyin | Chinese |
|---|
| Salvia chinensis Benth. | dan shen | 丹參 |
| Salvia multiorrhiza Bge. | dan shen | 丹參 |
| Sambucus williamsii Hance | jie gu mu | 接 骨 木 |
| Sanguisorba officinalis, L. | di yu | 地 榆 |
| Sapium sebiferum (L.) Roxb. | wu jiu | 烏桕 |
| Saponaria vaccaria, L. | wang bu liu xing | 王不留行 |
| Sargassum siliquastrum. Ag. | hai zao | 海藻 |
| Sargentodoxa cuneata (Oliv.) Rehd. Et Wils. | da xue teng, hong teng | 大血藤, 紅藤 |
| Saussurea involucrate | xue lian | 雪蓮 |
| Saussurea lappa Clarke. | mu xiang | 木香 |
| Schefflera arboricola Hayata | qi ye lian, e zhang teng | 七葉蓮﹐鵝掌藤 |
| Schizandra arisanensis Hayata | a li shan wu wei zi | 阿里山五味子 |
| Schizandra chinesis Baill. | bei wu wei zi | 北五味子 |
| Schizandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils | nan wu wei zi | 南五味子 |
| Scirpus maritimus L. | san leng | 三稜 |
| Scolopendra subspinipes Leach | wu gong | 蜈蚣 |
| Scrophularia oldhami Oliv. | xuan shen | 玄參 |
| Scutellaria. baicalensis Georg. | huang qin | 黃芩 |
| Scutellariae barbatae Herba | ban zhi lian | 半枝 蓮 |
| Selaginella doederleinii Hieron | shi shang bai | 石 上 柏 |
| Selinum monnieri L. | she chuang zi | 蛇床子 |
| Senecio jacobaea L. | xin jiang qian li guang | 新疆千里光 |
| Serenoa repens | ju zong lu | 鋸棕櫚 |
| Serenoa serrulata | ju zong lu | 鋸棕櫚 |
| Siegesbeckia glabrescens Makino | mao gen xi qian | 毛梗豨薟 |
| Siegesbeckia orientalis L | xi qian cao | 稀仟草 ﹐ 豨薟草﹐ 稀 薟草 |
| Siler divaricatum Benth et Hook. | fang feng | 防風 |
| Silybum marianum | shui fei ji | 水飛薊 |
| Sinapis alba L. | bai jie zi | 白芥子 |
| Sinomenium acutum （Thunb.）Rehd. Et Wils. | qing feng teng | 青風 藤 |
| Skimmia japonica Thunb. | yin yu | 茵芋 |
| Skimmia repens | bai xian | 白鮮 |
| Smilax china L. | ba qi | 菝葜 |
| Smilax glabra Roxb. | tu fu ling | 土伏苓 |
| Speranskia tuberculata (Bunge) Baill; Impatiens balsamina L. | tou gu cao | 透骨草 |
| Sonchus brachyotus DC. | ju mai cai | 苣蕒菜 |
| sodium sulfate | xuan ming fen | 玄明粉 |
| Solanum dulcamara L | bai ying | 白 英 |
| Solanum lyratum Thunb. | shu yang quan | 蜀 羊 泉 |
| Solanum mammosum Linn. | ru qie. | 乳茄. |
| Solanum melongena L. | qie zi | 茄子 |
| Sophora angustifolia Sieb. et. Zucc. | ri chan ku shen | 日產苦參 |
| Sophora flavescens. Ait. | ku shen | 苦參 |
| Sophora japonica Mig. | huai hua | 槐花 |
| Sophora japonica Mig. | huai jiao | 槐角 |
| Sophora japonica Mig. | huai mi | 槐米 |
| Sophora ovata Nakai. | bai bu | 百部 |
| Sojae Praeparatum | dan dou chi | 淡豆豉 |
| Sparganium stoloniferum Buch. -Ham. | san leng | 三 棱 |
| Stellaria dichotoma L. var. lanceolata Bge. | yin chai hu | 銀柴胡 |
| Steleophaga plancyi (Boleny) | tu yuan di bie chong shu chong tu bie chong | 土元 地蟞 蟲﹐土鱉蟲 庶蟲 |
| Stemmacantha uniflora （L.）Dittrich | lou lu | 漏蘆 |
| Stemona japonica Mig. | bai bu. | 百部. |
| Stemona sessilifolia (Mig.) Mig. | bai bu. | 百部 |
| Stephania cepharantha Hayata. | han fang ji | 漢防己 |
| Stephania tetrandra S. Moore. | dao di gong han fang ji | 倒地拱﹐漢防己 |
| Sterculia scaphigera Wall. | an nan zi pang da hai | 安南子﹐ 胖大海 |
| Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. | tian ju | 甜菊 |
| Strychnos nux-vomica Linn. | fan mu bie ma qian zi | 番木鱉﹐ 馬錢子 |
| Succinum | hu po | 琥 珀 |
| Swertia davidii Franch | chuan dong zhang ya cai | 川 東 獐 牙 菜 |
| Syringa oblata. | zi ding xiang | 紫丁香 |
| Syringa vulgaris. | zi ding xiang | 紫丁香 |
| Syzygium aromaticum（L.）Merr. et Perry | ding xiang | 丁香 |
| Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Waplers | duo hua fan ying tao | 多花番櫻桃 |
| Tabanus bivittatus Matsumura | meng chong | 虻 蟲 |
| Tamarindus indica L. | luo wang zi, (suan jiao) | 羅望子 , (酸 角 ) |
| Tanacetum parthenium | xiao bai ju | 小白菊 |
| Taraxacum albidum Dahlst. | pu gong ying | 蒲公 英 |
| Taraxacum officinale Wigg. | ou chan pu gong ying | 歐產蒲公英 |
| Taraxacum platycarpum Dahlst. | pu gong ying | 蒲公 英 |
| Taxillus chinensis (DC.) Danser | sang ji sheng | 桑 寄 生 |
| Tenebrio molitor L. | huang fen chong | 黄粉虫 |
| Terminalia catappa L. | lan ren | 欖 仁 |
| Terminalia chebula Retz. | he zi | 訶 子 |
| Terra Flava Usta | fu long gan | 伏 龍 肝 |
| Thea sinensis L. | cha | 茶 |
| Tithonia diversifolia | wang ye kui | 王爺葵 |
| Torreya nucifera Sieb. et. Zucc. | fei zi | 榧子 |
| Trametes versicolor | yun zhi | 雲芝 |
| Tremella fuciformis Berk | yin er (bai mu er, xue er) | 銀耳 (白木耳﹐雪耳) |
| Tribulus terrestris L. | ji li | 蒺藜 |
| Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim | gua lou tian hua fen | 瓜蔞 天花 粉 |
| Trichosanthis japonica Reget. | gua lou tian hua fen | 瓜蔞 天花 粉 |
| Trigonella foenum-graecum | hu lu ba | 葫蘆巴 |
| Trionyx sinensis Wiegmann | bie jia | 鱉 甲 |
| Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. | lei gong teng | 雷 公藤 |
| Triticum aestivum L. | fu xiao mai | 浮小麥 |
| Trogopterus xanthipes Milne-Edwards | wu ling zhi | 五靈脂 |
| Tussilago farfara L. | kuan dong hua | 款 冬花 |
| Typha angustata Bory et Thunb.. | pu huang | 蒲黃 |
| Typha angustifolian L. | shui zhu pu huang | 水燭蒲黃 |
| Typha latifolia L. | pu huang | 蒲黃 |
| Typha orientalis Presl. | pu huang | 蒲黃 |